The combined Water and Wetness product is a thematic product showing the occurrence of water and wet surfaces over the period from 2009 to 2015. Two products are available: o The main Water and Wetness (WAW) product with defined classes of (1) permanent water, (2) temporary water, (3) permanent wetness and (4) temporary wetness. o The additional expert product: Water & Wetness Probability Index (WWPI) The products show the occurrence of water and indicate the degree of wetness in a physical sense, assessed independently of the actual vegetation cover and are thus not limited to a specific land cover class and their relative frequencies. A verification of the Water and Wetness layer was performed by the Institute of Nature Research during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

The high resolution forest product consists of three types of (status) products and additional change products. The status products are available for the 2012 and 2015 reference years: 1. Tree cover density providing level of tree cover density in a range from 0-100% 2. Dominant leaf type providing information on the dominant leaf type: broadleaved or coniferous 3. A Forest type product. The forest type product allows to get as close as possible to the FAO forest definition. In its original (20m) resolution it consists of two products: 1) a dominant leaf type product that has a MMU of 0.5 ha, as well as a 30% tree cover density threshold applied, and 2) a support layer that maps, based on the dominant leaf type product, trees under agricultural use and in urban context (derived from CLC and high resolution imperviousness 2009 data). For the final 100m product trees under agricultural use and urban context from the support layer are removed. The high resolution forest change products comprise a simple tree cover density change product for 2012-2015 (% increase or decrease of real tree cover density changes). A verification of the Dominant Leaf Type layer was performed by the Institute of Nature Research during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

Slope aspect map of Iceland. This tool calculates slope aspect (i.e. slope orientation in degrees clockwise from north) for each grid cell in an input digital elevation model (DEM). “Aspect values indicate the directions the physical slopes face.” The values of each cell in the output raster indicate the compass direction the surface faces at that location. It is measured clockwise in degrees from 0 (due north) to 360 (again due north), coming full circle. Flat areas having no downslope direction are given a value of -1.

Slope map of Iceland (in Degrees and Percent units). The slope gradient (slope, slope steepness) identifies the steepest downhill slope for a location in a surface: “the inclination of the land surface with respect to the horizontal plane” Basic local land-surface parameters. First partial derivative from surface.

The main high resolution grassland product is the Grassland layer, a grassland/non-grassland mask for the EEA39 area. This grassy and non-woody vegetation baseline product includes all kinds of grasslands: managed grassland, semi-natural grassland and natural grassy vegetation. It is a binary status layer mapping grassland and all non-grassland areas in 20m and (aggregated) 100m pixel size. Two additional (expert) products complete the high resolution grassland product: the Ploughing Indicator (PLOUGH) and the Grassland Vegetation Probability Index (GRAVPI). While the PLOUGH concentrates on historic land cover features with the aim to indicate ploughing activities in preceding years, the GRAVPI provides a measure of classification reliability. GRAVPI is a 20m pixel size product, mapping on a range of 1-100 the class probability. PLOUGH is a 20m pixel size additional product, mapping from 1-6 the number of years since the last indication of ploughing. A verification of the Grassland layer was performed by the Institute of Nature Research during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

The high resolution forest product consists of three types of (status) products and additional change products. The status products are available for the 2012 and 2015 reference years: 1. Tree cover density providing level of tree cover density in a range from 0-100% 2. Dominant leaf type providing information on the dominant leaf type: broadleaved or coniferous 3. A Forest type product. The forest type product allows to get as close as possible to the FAO forest definition. In its original (20m) resolution it consists of two products: 1) a dominant leaf type product that has a MMU of 0.5 ha, as well as a 30% tree cover density threshold applied, and 2) a support layer that maps, based on the dominant leaf type product, trees under agricultural use and in urban context (derived from CLC and high resolution imperviousness 2009 data). For the final 100m product trees under agricultural use and urban context from the support layer are removed. The high resolution forest change products comprise a simple tree cover density change product for 2012-2015 (% increase or decrease of real tree cover density changes). A verification of the Tree Cover Density layer was performed by the Institute of Nature Research during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

The high resolution imperviousness products capture the percentage and change of soil sealing. Built-up areas are characterized by the substitution of the original (semi-) natural land cover or water surface with an artificial, often impervious cover. These artificial surfaces are usually maintained over long periods of time. A series of high resolution imperviousness datasets (for the 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015 reference years) with all artificially sealed areas was produced using automatic derivation based on calibrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This series of imperviousness layers constitutes the main status layers. They are per-pixel estimates of impermeable cover of soil (soil sealing) and are mapped as the degree of imperviousness (0-100%). Imperviousness change layers were produced as a difference between the reference years (2006-2009, 2009-2012, 2012-2015 and additionally 2006-2012, to fully match the CORINE Land Cover production cycle) and are presented 1) as degree of imperviousness change (-100% -- +100%), in 20m and 100m pixel size, and 2) a classified (categorical) 20m change product. The production of the High Resolution Imperviousness products was coordinated by the European Environment Agency in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme. A verification of the Imperviousness layer was performed by the Institute of Nature Research during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

Gagnaset (data set) ni_vg25r_3utg: Vistgerðir á Íslandi: land (Habitat types of Iceland: terrestrial). Vistgerðakortið sýnir útbreiðslu landvistgerða á Íslandi. Alls hafa verið ákvarðaðar 64 vistgerðir á landi og skiptast í 12 meginflokka (vistlendi). Innan landvistgerða eru fjórar jarðhitavistgerðir sem finnast á háhita- og lághitasvæðum landsins. Landvistgerðum er skipt upp í tvö þrep. Við skilgreiningu og flokkun vistgerða á Íslandi var tekið mið af EUNIS-flokkunarkerfinu (European Environment Agency 2012) . Í 3. útgáfu vistgerðakortsins 2024 eru eingöngu landvistgerðir endurskoðaðar. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands leggur með ritinu Vistgerðir á Íslandi fram tillögur að flokkun vistgerða sem á sér fyrirmynd í samræmdri og viðurkenndri flokkun vistgerða í Evrópu. Flokkunin byggir á rannsóknum víða um land með fyrirvara um að bæta mætti í þá þekkingu. Athuga skal að aðgreining landvistgerða með fjarkönnun reyndist erfið, bæði fyrir lítið grónar vistgerðir sem og vel grónar, einkum innan vistlenda. Því má búast við verulegum skekkjum þótt þær séu mismiklar eftir vistgerðum. Nánari útlistun og mat á skekkjum má finna í aðferðalýsingu og á staðreyndasíðum vistgerða í ritinu „Vistgerðir á Íslandi“. Frekari upplýsingar um flokkun og skilgreiningu vistgerða má sjá í ritinu: Jón Gunnar Ottósson, Anna Sveinsdóttir og María Harðardóttir, ritstj. 2016. Vistgerðir á Íslandi. Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar nr. 54. 299 s. og á vef Náttúrufræðistofnunar.

See english text below. Gos hófst við Fagradalsfjall 19. mars 2021 og stóð í um hálft ár. Myndkort Reykjanesgossins var upphaflega búið til í samstarfi Náttúrfræðistofnunar Íslands, Náttúrufræðistofnunar, Jarðvísindastofnunar og Almannavarna, sem hluti af viðbragðsáætlun gossins við Fagradalsfjall árið 2021. Aftur hófst gos 3. ágúst 2022 og var formlega lokið í desember sama ár. Árið 2023, 10. júlí, hófst gos á ný á Reykjanesskaga og voru upptökin við Litla-Hrút. Frá 5. ágúst sama ár var engin virkni í gígnum. Öflug jarðskjálftahrina hófst síðan skammt norðan við Grindavík þann 25. október 2023. Í kjölfarið fylgdi mikil virkni á svæðinu, gögn benda til kvikuinnskota og skýr merki eru um landris. Öflun gagna fyrir myndkort var haldið áfram og nýjar myndir gerðar aðgengilegar og birtar í Umbrotasjá. Myndirnar voru teknar með Phase One myndavél um borð í flugvél og unnar með Agisoft ljósmælingahugbúnaðinum til að búa til hæðarlíkan (Digital Elevation Models, DEM) og myndkort. Myndkortin eru aðgengileg í gegnum WMS þjónustur og á vef Umbrotasjár (https://kortasja.lmi.is/mapview/?application=umbrotasja) innan við sólarhring eftir gögnunum hefur verið aflað. Gögnin eru uppfærð jafnt og þétt þegar nýjar upplýsingar berast og á meðan á gosinu stendur. - - - - An eruption began at Fagradalsfjall on March 19, 2021 and lasted for about six months. The orthomosaic of the Reykjanes eruption has been created in a collaborative effort between the Natural History Institute of Iceland, Institute of Nature Research, the Institute of Earth Sciences and Almannavarnir, as part of the response plan of the Fagradalsfjall eruption of 2021. Eruption began again on August 3, 2022 and was officially over in December of the same year. In 2023, on July 10, an eruption started again on the Reykjaness Peninsula, and the source was at Litli-Hrútur. From August 5 of the same year there was no activity in the crater. A powerful series of earthquakes then began just north of Grindavík on October 25, 2023. This was followed by intense activity in the area, data indicates magmatic intrusions and there are clear signs of landrising. The acquisition of data for image maps continued and new images were made available and published in Umbrotasjá: https://kortasja.lmi.is/mapview/?application=umbrotasja. The images were taken with a Phase One camera on board an aircraft and processed with Agisoft photometry software to create Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and image maps. The image maps are available through WMS services and on Umbrotasjár's website (https://kortasja.lmi.is/mapview/?application=umbrotasja) within 24 hours after the data has been acquired. The data is updated constantly, or when new information is received during the eruption. The data collected and processed by the Institute of Nature Research, the Icelandic Institute of Natural History and the Institute of Earth Sciences. Based on the work of Pedersen et al., 2022. Reference: Pedersen, G. B. M., Belart, J. M. C., Óskarsson, B. V., Gudmundsson, M. T., Gies, N., Högnadóttir, T., et al. (2022). Volume, effusion rate, and lava transport during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption: Results from near real-time photogrammetric monitoring. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2021GL097125. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097125

Samsett, innrauð heildarmynd af Íslandi, unnin úr 16 Landsat TM myndum eftir böndum 3,2, og 4. Myndeiningar eru 30 x 30. Upprétt miðað við 1:50.000 staðfræðikort og mælingar.